PHAC Wastewater Monitoring Program for COVID-19

Wastewater has already been used to show early detection of COVID-19 in some Canadian jurisdictions prior to an increase of clinically diagnosed cases. As COVID-19 can be characterized by symptomatic and asymptomatic infection, it is important to identify the presence of undiagnosed cases to minimize the likelihood of outbreaks.

Dengue

Dengue is a viral infection caused by the bite of infected Aedes mosquitoes.

In Canada, approximately 200-300 cases of dengue are imported each year. All cases have been among travellers returning from countries where dengue is present.

Genomics for Public Health Surveillance

Genomics is at the forefront of public health surveillance and has been widely applied to tracking infectious diseases. From identifying novel, emerging, and circulating pathogens and variants; tracking the spread and behaviour of pathogens; to monitoring vaccine effectiveness; genomics plays a crucial role in infectious disease surveillance for informing public health priorities and interventions.

H5N1 Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A Virus (Bird Flu)

H5N1 AI is a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus that is easily transmitted between birds and is a zoonotic disease (a disease that transmits from animals to people), but it is not well adapted to mammals. There have been reports of possible limited human-to-human transmission, but there has been no evidence of ongoing transmission between people.