Knowledge to Action Series Case Example Cost Utility Analysis: Wastewater-Based Surveillance of RSV 

Publication Summary

This case example discusses the cost-utility of the wastewater-based surveillance for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in young children in Ontario before the RSV 2022-2023 season. WBS identified the start of RSV season 12-36 days earlier than the provincial start date, which was based on clinical testing. This early transmission was used to help inform resource allocation decisions across different healthcare settings. A CUA comparing the impact of RSV disease in immunized and non-immunized infants found WBS to be a cost-saving approach over clinical testing. WBS costs can be offset by savings from the reduced need for medical care. This RSV case study is an important demonstration of how harmonized sampling strategies, timely data reporting, and effective partnerships can enable public health action. By linking early, population-level detection with actionable clinical and policy responses, WBS yields measurable gains in health utility and health outcomes, while enhancing preparedness for future outbreaks.